Ethical Entrepreneurial Leadership And Its Impact On Entrepreneurial Orientation Through The Mediating Role Of Entrepreneurial Passion: An Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Owners Of Sme In Diwaniyah Governorate
Keywords:
Ethical entrepreneurial leadership, Entrepreneurial orientation, Entrepreneurial passion, Owners SME in Diwaniyah GovernorateAbstract
The current study aims to identify the impact of ethical entrepreneurial leadership on the
entrepreneurial orientation of SME owners in the Diwaniyah Governorate. According to the above, the
study adopts a descriptive and analytical approach to its variables. The study sample consisted of a
group of SME ownwers , numbering (70) companies out of (90). The questionnaire forms was used as
a essential tool for collecting data. The study were used many statistical methods such as standard
deviations, arithmetic mean , and structural equation modeling with the help of statistical programs
(SPSS.var.24, Smart PLS). Theis exist study reached a set of useful conclusions and recommendations.
Basically important of which is that the results of the statistical analysis showed that ethical
entrepreneurial leadership has a significant impact on entrepreneurial orientation.
References
Adelsabanlar, N., & Khoshtinat, B. (2016). Critical factors and advantage factors influencing the implementation of viral marketing by considering the mediating role of Islamic marketing; a conceptual approach. Procedia economics and finance, 36, 433-440.
Ahmadova, E. (2017). Islamic marketing: The new rules that transform the way of conducting business. Journal of Suleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences, 29(4), 242-257.
Al Mamun, A., Kumar, N., Ibrahim, M. D., & Bin, M. N. H. (2017). Validating the measurement of entrepreneurial orientation. Economics & Sociology, 10(4), 51-66.
Al-Najjar, M. W., Tharikh, S. M., & Khudari, M. (2024). Driving Performance: Unravelling the Power of Strategic HRM in Innovativeness and Risk-Taking. International Journal of Religion, 5(9), 538-550.
Anjum, T., Heidler, P., Amoozegar, A., & Anees, R. T. (2021). The impact of entrepreneurial passion on the entrepreneurial intention; moderating impact of perception of university support. Administrative Sciences, 11(2), 45.
Awasthy, R., Flint, S., Sankarnarayana, R., & Jones, R. L. (2020). A framework to improve university–industry collaboration. Journal of Industry-University Collaboration, 2(1), 49-62.
Bagheri, A., & Harrison, C. (2020). Entrepreneurial leadership measurement: a multi-dimensional construct. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 27(4), 659-679.
Bagheri, A., Newman, A., & Eva, N. (2022). Entrepreneurial leadership of CEOs and employees’ innovative behavior in high-technology new ventures. Journal of Small Business Management, 60(4), 805-827.
Banal-Estañol, A., Jofre-Bonet, M., & Lawson, C. (2015). The double-edged sword of industry collaboration: Evidence from engineering academics in the UK. Research Policy, 44(6), 1160-1175.
Bauer, M. W., & Jensen, P. (2011). The mobilization of scientists for public engagement. Public understanding of science, 20(1), 3-11.
Biraglia, A., & Kadile, V. (2017). The role of entrepreneurial passion and creativity in developing entrepreneurial intentions: Insights from American homebrewers. Journal of small business management, 55(1), 170-188.
Bouhalleb, A., & Haddoud, M. Y. (2024). The paths lead to harmonious and obsessive entrepreneurial passion. Journal of Small Business Management, 1-29.
Britchenko, I., Smerichevskyi, S., & Kryvovyazyuk, I. (2018). Transformation of entrepreneurial leadership in the 21st century: prospects for the future.
Cardon, M. S., & Kirk, C. P. (2015). Entrepreneurial passion as the mediator of the self–efficacy to persistence relationship. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 39(5), 1027-1050.
Cardon, M. S., Gregoire, D. A., Stevens, C. E., & Patel, P. C. (2013). Measuring entrepreneurial passion: Conceptual foundations and scale validation. Journal of business venturing, 28(3), 373-396.
Cardon, M. S., Wincent, J., Singh, J., and Drnovsek, M. (2009). The nature and experience of entrepreneurial passion. Acad. Manag. Rev. 34, 511–532. doi: 10.15167/ 2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2739
Chen, X. P., Yao, X., and Kotha, S. (2009). Entrepreneur passion and preparedness in business plan presentations: a persuasion analysis of venture capitalists’ funding decisions. Acad. Manag. J. 52, 199–214. doi: 10.5465/amj.2009.36462018
D’Este, P., & Patel, P. (2007). University-industry linkages in the UK: What are the factors underlying the variety of interactions with industry? Research Policy, 36, 1295–1313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respo l.2007.05.002
Dess, G.G., Lumpkin, G.T., 2005. The role of entrepreneurial orientation in stimulating effective corporate entrepreneurship. Academy of Management Review 19 (1), 147–156.
Dwi Widyani, A. A., Landra, N., Sudja, N., Ximenes, M., & Sarmawa, I. W. G. (2020). The role of ethical behavior and entrepreneurial leadership to improve organizational performance. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1747827.
Eisenhardt, K.M., 1989. Making fast strategic decisions in high-velocity environments. Academy of Management Journal 27, 299–343. Franke, N., Gruber, M., Harhoff, D., Henkel, J., 2008. Venture capitalists’ evaluations of start-up teams: trade-offs, knock-out criteria, and the impact of VC experience. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 32 (3), 459–483.
Etzkowitz, H. (2003). Research groups as ‘quasi-forms’: The invention of the entrepreneurial university. Research Policy, 32, 109–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00009-4.
Feng, B., & Chen, M. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurial passion on psychology and behavior of entrepreneurs. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1733.
Guimón, J. (2013). Promoting university-industry collaboration in developing countries. World Bank, 3, 12-48.
Gupta VK and Gupta A (2015) Relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance in large organizations over time. Journal of International Entrepreneurship 13(1): 7–27.
Haider, S. H., Asad, M., & Fatima, M. (2017). Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance of manufacturing sector small and medium scale enterprises of Punjab Pakistan. European Business and Management, 3(2), 21-28.
Hapsari, P. I., Wiksuana, I. G. B., Artini, L. G. S., & Dewi, S. K. S. (2024). Entrepreneurial orientation and funding decisions on the financial performance of small and medium industries. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, 3(8).
Hensellek, S., Kleine-Stegemann, L., & Kollmann, T. (2023). Entrepreneurial leadership, strategic flexibility, and venture performance: Does founders' span of control matter?. Journal of Business Research, 157, 113544.
Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Camp, S. M., & Sexton, D. L. (2001). Strategic entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial strategies for wealth creation. Strategic management journal, 22(6‐7), 479-491.
Hodgins, H.S. and Knee, R. (2002), “The integrating self and conscious experience”. Deci, E.L. and Ryan, R.M. (Eds), Handbook on Self-Determination Research, University of Rochester Press, Rochester, NY, pp. 87-100.
Hurley, R.F., Hult, G.T.M., 1998. Innovation, market orientation, and organizational learning: an integration and empirical examination. Journal of Marketing 62 (3), 42–54.
Ikpesu OC (2016) University-industry linkages as a determinant of students’ entrepreneurial orientation in Rivers State public universities. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 3(13): 109–118.
Iqbal, A., Nazir, T., & Ahmad, M. S. (2022). Entrepreneurial leadership and employee innovative behavior: an examination through multiple theoretical lenses. European Journal of Innovation Management, 25(1), 173-190.
Jha, R. K., & Sarabhai, S. (2024). Influence Of Entrepreneurial Orientation On Brand Performance And Market Performance: Moderating Role Of Corporate Image. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 30(5), 2435-2443.
Kandemir, D., Hult, G.T.M., 2005. A conceptualization of an organizational learning curve in international joint ventures. Industrial Marketing Management 34 (5), 430–439.
Kaptein, M. (2019). The moral entrepreneur: A new component of ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 156, 1135-1150.
Karimi, S. (2020). The role of entrepreneurial passion in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Applied Economics, 52(3), 331-344.
Koe WL (2016) The relationship between Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation (IEO) and entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research 6(1): 13.
Kuratko, D. F. (2007). Entrepreneurial leadership in the 21st century: Guest editor's perspective. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 13(4), 1-11.
Laskovaia, A., Lee, Y., Bogatyreva, K., & Herrmann, P. (2022). Harmonious passion, effectuation, and firm performance: the moderated mediation effect of entrepreneurial experience. Management Decision, 60(8), 2331-2348.
Lassen, A.S., Nielsen, S.L., 2009. Corporate entrepreneurship: innovation at the intersection between creative destruction and controlled adaptation. Journal of Enterprising Culture 17 (2), 181–199.
Lee, H. J., Min, K. R., Kim, M. Y., & Park, S. M. (2022). The impact of entrepreneurial leadership and ethical climate on public service motivation in Korea and China: Moderating role of confucian values. Sustainability, 14(21), 14162.
Lee, Y. S. (2000). The sustainability of university-industry research collaboration: An empirical assessment. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 25, 111–133. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007895322042.
Lee, Y., & Herrmann, P. (2021). Entrepreneurial passion: A systematic review and research opportunities. Journal of Small Business Strategy (Archive Only), 31(3), 122-147.
Li, C., Makhdoom, H. U. R., & Asim, S. (2020). Impact of entrepreneurial leadership on innovative work behavior: Examining mediation and moderation mechanisms. Psychology research and behavior management, 105-118.
Lumpkin, G.T., Dess, G.G., 1996. Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review 2 (1), 135–172.
Malibari, M. A., & Bajaba, S. (2022). Entrepreneurial leadership and employees’ innovative behavior: A sequential mediation analysis of innovation climate and employees’ intellectual agility. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(4), 100255.
Marc, H., Sara, V., & Valérie-Anne, M. (2010). The potential of internet mobilization: an experimental study on the effect of internet and face-to-face mobilization efforts.
Maro’ah, S., Firmansyah, M. A., & Roosmawarni, A. (2018). Marketing Framework of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Based on Marketing Mix of Syariah. International Journal of Management and Economics Invention, 4(09), 1924-1928.
Mayer, D. M., Aquino, K., Greenbaum, R. L., & Kuenzi, M. (2012). Who displays ethical leadership, and why does it matter? An examination of antecedents and consequences of ethical leadership. Academy of management journal, 55(1), 151-171.
Miller D (1983) The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science 29(7): 770–791.
Newman, A., Obschonka, M., Moeller, J., & Chandan, G. G. (2021). Entrepreneurial passion: A review, synthesis, and agenda for future research. Applied Psychology, 70(2), 816-860.
Nguyen, P. V., Huynh, H. T. N., Lam, L. N. H., Le, T. B., & Nguyen, N. H. X. (2021). The impact of entrepreneurial leadership on SMEs’ performance: the mediating effects of organizational factors. Heliyon, 7(6).
Nichols, N., Phipps, D., Hewitt, A., & Provencal, J. (2013). Knowledge mobilization, collaboration, and social innovation: Leveraging investments in higher education.
Nsanzumuhire, S. U., & Groot, W. (2020). Context perspective on University-Industry Collaboration processes: A systematic review of literature. Journal of cleaner production, 258, 120861.
Obschonka, M., Moeller, J., & Goethner, M. (2019). Entrepreneurial passion and personality: the case of academic entrepreneurship. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 2697.
OECD. (2012). A guiding framework for entrepreneurial universities: Project report strengthening entrepreneurship and economic development at a local level in Eastern Germany. European Commission. Accessed 9 October 201org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.06.007
Parker, O., Mui, R., & Titus Jr, V. (2020). Unwelcome voices: The gender bias‐mitigating potential of unconventionality. Strategic Management Journal, 41(4), 738-757.
Pauceanu, A. M., Rabie, N., Moustafa, A., & Jiroveanu, D. C. (2021). Entrepreneurial leadership and sustainable development—a systematic literature review. Sustainability, 13(21), 11695.
Pérez-Luño, A.,Wiklund, J., Valle Cabrera, R., 2011. The dual nature of innovative activity: how entrepreneurial orientation influences innovation generation and adoption. Journal of Business Venturing 26 (5), 555–571.
Purwati, A., Budiyanto, B., Suhermin, S., & Hamzah, M. (2021). The effect of innovation capability on business performance: The role of social capital and entrepreneurial leadership on SMEs in Indonesia. Accounting, 7(2), 323-330.
Rasmussen, E., Mosey, S., & Wright, M. (2014). The influence of university departments on the evolution of entrepreneurial competencies in spin-off ventures. Research Policy, 43, 92–106. https://doi.
Rauch, A., Wiklund, J., Lumpkin, G.T., Frese, M., 2009. Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: an assessment of past research and suggestions for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 33 (3), 761–787 (accessed 10.06.2010.).
Robinson S and Stubberud HA (2014) Elements of entrepreneurial orientation and their relationship to entrepreneurial intent. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education 17(2): 1–11.
Sadik, M. S. (2024). Entrepreneurial Leadership and Employee Engagement: A Longitudinal Analysis Within the Framework of Bangladeshi SMEs’ Culture.
Sajjadi. A., Karimkhani, M., and Mehrpour, M. 2014 New Emerging Leadership Theories And Styles, Technical Journal Of Engineering And Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, No. 3. pp. 180-188.
Sarmawa, I. W. G., Widyani, A. A. D., Sugianingrat, I. A. P. W., & Martini, I. A. O. (2020). Ethical entrepreneurial leadership and organizational trust for organizational sustainability. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1818368.
Sarmawa, I. W. G., Widyani, A. A. D., Sugianingrat, I. A. P. W., & Martini, I. A. O. (2020). Ethical entrepreneurial leadership and organizational trust for organizational sustainability. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1818368.
Sarmawa, I. W. G., Widyani, A. A. D., Sugianingrat, I. A. P. W., & Martini, I. A. O. (2020). Ethical entrepreneurial leadership and organizational trust for organizational sustainability. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1818368.
Sawaean, F., & Ali, K. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurial leadership and learning orientation on organizational performance of SMEs: The mediating role of innovation capacity. Management science letters, 10(2), 369-380.
Sylvana, A., Awaluddin, M., & Mutahajjid, A. (2020). Marketing strategy model based on the benefit of Sharia property developers in Indonesia. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(7), 8123-8135.
Tartari, V., Perkmann, M., & Salter, A. (2014). In good company: The influence of peers on industry engagement by academic scientists. Research Policy, 43, 1189–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.02.003
Taylor, P. (2013). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the internationalization of SMEs in developing countries. African Journal of Business Management, 17, 19-21.
Tentama, F., Mulasari, S. A., Sukesi, T. W., Damaiwanti, A., Labiba, K., Al Qomar, N. I., ... & Sari, M. P. W. (2024). Faktor Kesiapan Berwirausaha pada Pelaku UMKM. Psychopreneur Journal, 8(1), 26-42.
Todorovic, Z. W., McNaughton, R. B., & Guild, P. (2011). ENTRE-U: An entrepreneurial orientation scale for universities. Technovation, 31(2-3), 128-137.
Todorovic, Z. W., McNaughton, R. B., & Guild, P. (2011). ENTRE-U: An entrepreneurial orientation scale for universities. Technovation, 31(2-3), 128-137.
Vallerand, R.J., Blanchard, C., Mageau, G.A., Koestner, R., Ratelle, C., Leonard, M., Gagne, M. and Marsolais, J. (2003), “Les passions de l’ame: on obsessive and harmonious passion”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 85 No. 4, pp. 756-767.
Vallerand, R.J., Salvy, S.J., Mageau, G.A., Elliot, A.J., Denis, P.L., Grouzet, F.M. and Blanchard, C. (2007), “On the role of passion in performance”, Journal of Personality, Vol. 75 No. 3, pp. 505-534.
Van Rijnsoever, F. J., Hessels, L. K., & Vandeberg, R. L. J. (2008). A resource-based view on the interactions of university researchers. Research Policy, 37, 1255–1266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2008.04.020
Van Zyl, H. J., & Mathur-Helm, B. (2007). Exploring a conceptual model, based on the combined effects of entrepreneurial leadership, market orientation and relationship marketing orientation on South Africa's small tourism business performance. South African journal of business management, 38(2), 17-24.
Widyani, A. A. D., Sarmawa, I. W. G., Piedade, S. D. R., & Parwita, G. B. S. (2020). The Birth of Ethical Entrepreneurial Leadership Concept. International Journal of Economics and Management Systems, 5.
Wright, P., Kroll, M., Pray, B., Lado, A., 1995. Strategic orientations, competitive advantage, and business performance. Journal of Business Research 33 (2), 143–151.
Yi, R., Lyu, B., Wang, H., & Huang, W. (2020). Entrepreneurial passion, entrepreneurial expectation, and entrepreneurial decision-making among college students. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 30(4), 323-329.